Bureaucracy - Revision history

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← Older revision		Revision as of 19:29, 18 May 2021
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	[[Holacracy]]<br />		[[Holacracy]]<br />
	[[Adhocracy]]<br />		[[Adhocracy]]<br />
		+	[[Vertical Organizational Structure]]<br />

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:16, 11 March 2021
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	__TOC__		__TOC__
		+

	The bureaucratic rationality in organizations, as the model of the organizations’ functioning in capitalist societies, has		The bureaucratic rationality in organizations, as the model of the organizations’ functioning in capitalist societies, has

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-===See Also===
+== See Also ==
 [[Organizational Structure]]<br />
 [[Flat Organizational Structure]]<br />
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-===References===
+== References ==
 <references/>
-===Further Reading===
+== Further Reading ==
 *Yes, You Can Eliminate Bureaucracy [https://hbr.org/2018/11/the-end-of-bureaucracy Harvard Business Review]
 *Is Bureaucracy Killing Engagement at Your Company? [https://emplify.com/blog/is-bureaucracy-killing-engagement/ Emplify]
 *The End of Bureaucracy, Again? [https://www.bcg.com/publications/2020/changing-business-environment-pushing-end-to-bureaucracy Boston Consulting Group]

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 A '''Bureaucracy''' is specific form of [[Organization|organization]] defined by complexity, division of labor, permanence, professional management, hierarchical coordination and control, strict chain of command, and legal authority. It is distinguished from informal and collegial organizations. In its ideal form, bureaucracy is impersonal and rational and based on rules rather than ties of kinship, friendship, or patrimonial or charismatic authority. Bureaucratic organizations can be found in both public and private institutions.<ref>Defining Bureacracy [https://www.britannica.com/topic/bureaucracy Britannica]</ref> Bureaucracy in business is a [[Hierarchical Organization|hierarchical organization]] or a company that operates by a set of pre-determined rules. In a large business, there are typically several diverse functions that need to be performed by specialized sub-institutions that report up the [[Management|management]] chain.
 The bureaucratic rationality in organizations, as the model of the organizations’ functioning in capitalist societies, has
@@ Line 17: / Line 20: @@
-'''Bureaucracy in Government and Business<ref>Bureaucracy in Government and Business [https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/knowledge/other/bureaucracy/ CFI]</ref>'''<br />
+== Bureaucracy in Government and Business<ref>Bureaucracy in Government and Business [https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/knowledge/other/bureaucracy/ CFI]</ref> ==
 In government or large organizations, bureaucracy is indispensable in administering rules and regulations. A bureaucratic structure is designed to administer large-scale and systematic coordination between many people working at different levels to achieve a common goal.  Earlier, it was related to a political organization but in modern times it is associated with the administrative system governing any large institution. The various modes are hierarchy, professionalization, specialization, subdivision, and a fixed way of doing things.
@@ Line 25: / Line 28: @@
-'''Characteristics of Bureaucracy<ref>Characteristics of Bureaucratic Organizations [https://study.com/academy/lesson/bureaucratic-organizations-examples-lesson-quiz.html Study.com]</ref>'''<br />
+== Characteristics of Bureaucracy<ref>Characteristics of Bureaucratic Organizations [https://study.com/academy/lesson/bureaucratic-organizations-examples-lesson-quiz.html Study.com]</ref> ==
 The basic characteristics of a bureaucracy are:<br />
 *Rules and job responsibilities are written down and clearly stated
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-'''Bureaucracy vs. Governance or Administration<ref>Bureaucracy vs. Governance or Administration [https://www.investopedia.com/terms/b/bureaucracy.asp Investopedia]</ref>'''<br />
+== Bureaucracy vs. Governance or Administration<ref>Bureaucracy vs. Governance or Administration [https://www.investopedia.com/terms/b/bureaucracy.asp Investopedia]</ref> ==
 Bureaucracy is not the same as governance or administration. Some administrative structures are not bureaucratic, and many bureaucracies are not part of administrative structures. The differences lie in the objectives of each system.
@@ Line 44: / Line 47: @@
-'''Pros and Cons of Bureaucracy<ref>Pros and Cons of Bureaucracy [https://www.thoughtco.com/bureaucracy-definition-examples-pros-cons-4580229 ThoughtCo]</ref>'''<br />
+== Pros and Cons of Bureaucracy<ref>Pros and Cons of Bureaucracy [https://www.thoughtco.com/bureaucracy-definition-examples-pros-cons-4580229 ThoughtCo]</ref> ==
 In an ideal bureaucracy, the [[Principle|principles]] and [[Process|processes]] are based on rational, clearly-understood rules, and they are applied in a manner that is never influenced by interpersonal relationships or political alliances. However, in practice, bureaucracies often fail to achieve this ideal. Thus, it's important to consider the pros and cons of bureaucracy in the real world.

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 *impersonality (prescribed rules and operating rules rather than arbitrary actions)
 *expertise (officials are chosen according to merit, have been trained, and hold access to knowledge)<ref>Features of Modern Bureaucracy [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bureaucracy Wikipedia]</ref>
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 ===References===
 <references/>

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 The bureaucratic rationality in organizations, as the model of the organizations’ functioning in capitalist societies, has
-the characteristics depicted in Figure the figure below.1 (Ferreira, 2004; Guzmán, 2015; Florian, 2018; Faria & Meneghetti, 2011; Ang,
+the characteristics depicted in the Figure below. (Ferreira, 2004; Guzmán, 2015; Florian, 2018; Faria & Meneghetti, 2011; Ang,
 ; Pollitt, 2008; Branco, 2016; Aron, 1994).
-[[File:Bureaucracy.png|400px|Bureaucracy]]<br />
+[[File:Bureaucracy.png|300px|Bureaucracy]]<br />
 source: [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330474921_The_Concept_of_Bureaucracy_by_Max_Weber/fulltext/5c41dd96458515a4c72f75d9/The-Concept-of-Bureaucracy-by-Max-Weber.pdf International Journal of Social Science Studies]
@@ Line 24: / Line 31: @@
 Bureaucracy is not the same as governance or administration. Some administrative structures are not bureaucratic, and many bureaucracies are not part of administrative structures. The differences lie in the objectives of each system.
-An administration directs organizational resources toward an objective goal such as generating profits or administering a service. Bureaucracies ensure procedural correctness irrespective of the circumstances or goals.
+An administration directs organizational resources toward an objective goal such as generating [[Profit|profits]] or administering a [[Service|service]]. Bureaucracies ensure procedural correctness irrespective of the circumstances or goals.
 In modern industrial societies, such as the U.S., dual bureaucracies often exist between private companies and government regulatory agencies. Whenever a regulatory bureaucracy exists to impose rules on business activity, the private company might create a bureaucracy to avoid violating such regulations.

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:32, 10 March 2021
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−	'''~~Content Coming Soon~~'''	+	A '''Bureaucracy''' is specific form of [[Organization\|organization]] defined by complexity, division of labor, permanence, professional management, hierarchical coordination and control, strict chain of command, and legal authority. It is distinguished from informal and collegial organizations. In its ideal form, bureaucracy is impersonal and rational and based on rules rather than ties of kinship, friendship, or patrimonial or charismatic authority. Bureaucratic organizations can be found in both public and private institutions.<ref>Defining Bureacracy [https://www.britannica.com/topic/bureaucracy Britannica]</ref> Bureaucracy in business is a [[Hierarchical Organization\|hierarchical organization]] or a company that operates by a set of pre-determined rules. In a large business, there are typically several diverse functions that need to be performed by specialized sub-institutions that report up the [[Management\|management]] chain.
		+
		+	The bureaucratic rationality in organizations, as the model of the organizations’ functioning in capitalist societies, has
		+	the characteristics depicted in Figure the figure below.1 (Ferreira, 2004; Guzmán, 2015; Florian, 2018; Faria & Meneghetti, 2011; Ang,
		+	2016; Pollitt, 2008; Branco, 2016; Aron, 1994).
		+
		+
		+	[[File:Bureaucracy.png\|400px\|Bureaucracy]]<br />
		+	source: [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330474921_The_Concept_of_Bureaucracy_by_Max_Weber/fulltext/5c41dd96458515a4c72f75d9/The-Concept-of-Bureaucracy-by-Max-Weber.pdf International Journal of Social Science Studies]
		+
		+
		+	'''Characteristics of Bureaucracy<ref>Characteristics of Bureaucratic Organizations [https://study.com/academy/lesson/bureaucratic-organizations-examples-lesson-quiz.html Study.com]</ref>'''<br />
		+	The basic characteristics of a bureaucracy are:<br />
		+	*Rules and job responsibilities are written down and clearly stated
		+	*Clear hierarchy of power is concentrated among a few high-ranking managers
		+	*Appointments and promotions of officers are formal because these officers will be held accountable
		+	*Employees are hired based on their skills and knowledge, not because of favoritism or luck
		+	*Salaries are tied to a pay-grade system
		+	*Bureaucracies are unable or unwilling to adapt to changing conditions quickly
		+	*Micro-managing is common
		+
		+
		+	'''Bureaucracy vs. Governance or Administration<ref>Bureaucracy vs. Governance or Administration [https://www.investopedia.com/terms/b/bureaucracy.asp Investopedia]</ref>'''<br />
		+	Bureaucracy is not the same as governance or administration. Some administrative structures are not bureaucratic, and many bureaucracies are not part of administrative structures. The differences lie in the objectives of each system.
		+
		+	An administration directs organizational resources toward an objective goal such as generating profits or administering a service. Bureaucracies ensure procedural correctness irrespective of the circumstances or goals.
		+
		+	In modern industrial societies, such as the U.S., dual bureaucracies often exist between private companies and government regulatory agencies. Whenever a regulatory bureaucracy exists to impose rules on business activity, the private company might create a bureaucracy to avoid violating such regulations.