Actions

Difference between revisions of "Corporate Governance"

(Corporate Governance is the framework of rules and practices by which a board of directors ensures accountability, fairness, and transparency in a company's relationship with its all stakeholders (financiers, customers, management, employees, government))
Line 1: Line 1:
Business Directory defines Corporate Governance as "The framework of rules and practices by which a board of directors ensures accountability, fairness, and transparency in a company's relationship with its all stakeholders (financiers, customers, management, employees, government, and the community)."<ref>Definition of Corporate Governance [http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/corporate-governance.html Business Dictionary]</ref>
+
Business Directory defines '''Corporate Governance''' as "The framework of rules and practices by which a board of directors ensures accountability, fairness, and transparency in a company's relationship with its all [[Stakeholder|stakeholders]] (financiers, customers, management, employees, government, and the community)."<ref>Definition of Corporate Governance [http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/corporate-governance.html Business Dictionary]</ref>
  
 
+
Corporate governance is most often viewed as both the structure and the relationships which determine corporate direction and performance. The [[Board of Directors|board of directors]] is typically central to corporate governance. Its relationship to the other primary participants, typically [[Shareholder|shareholders]] and management, is critical. Additional participants include employees, [[Customer|customers]], [[Supplier|suppliers]], and creditors. The corporate governance framework also depends on the legal, regulatory, institutional and ethical environment of the community. Whereas the 20th century might be viewed as the age of management, the early 21st century is predicted to be more focused on [[Governance|governance]]. Both terms address control of corporations but governance has always required an examination of underlying purpose and legitimacy. – – James McRitchie, Corporate Governance Publisher 8/1999<ref>Corporate Governance Defined [https://www.corpgov.net/library/corporate-governance-defined/ CorpGov.Net]</ref>
Corporate governance is most often viewed as both the structure and the relationships which determine corporate direction and performance. The board of directors is typically central to corporate governance. Its relationship to the other primary participants, typically shareholders and management, is critical. Additional participants include employees, customers, suppliers, and creditors. The corporate governance framework also depends on the legal, regulatory, institutional and ethical environment of the community. Whereas the 20th century might be viewed as the age of management, the early 21st century is predicted to be more focused on governance. Both terms address control of corporations but governance has always required an examination of underlying purpose and legitimacy. – – James McRitchie, Corporate Governance Publisher 8/1999<ref>Corporate Governance Defined [https://www.corpgov.net/library/corporate-governance-defined/ CorpGov.Net]</ref>
 
  
  
 
'''Principles of Corporate Governance'''<ref>Principles of Corporate Governance [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corporate_governance Wikipedia]</ref><br />
 
'''Principles of Corporate Governance'''<ref>Principles of Corporate Governance [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corporate_governance Wikipedia]</ref><br />
Contemporary discussions of corporate governance tend to refer to principles raised in three documents released since 1990: The Cadbury Report (UK, 1992), the Principles of Corporate Governance (OECD, 1999, 2004 and 2015), the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (US, 2002). The Cadbury and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) reports present general principles around which businesses are expected to operate to assure proper governance. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act, informally referred to as Sarbox or Sox, is an attempt by the federal government in the United States to legislate several of the principles recommended in the Cadbury and OECD reports.
+
Contemporary discussions of corporate governance tend to refer to principles raised in three documents released since 1990: The Cadbury Report (UK, 1992), the Principles of Corporate Governance (OECD, 1999, 2004 and 2015), the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (US, 2002). The Cadbury and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) reports present general principles around which [[Business|businesses]] are expected to operate to assure proper governance. The [[Sarbanes Oxley Act (SOX)|Sarbanes-Oxley Act]], informally referred to as Sarbox or Sox, is an attempt by the federal government in the United States to legislate several of the principles recommended in the Cadbury and OECD reports.
*Rights and equitable treatment of shareholders: Organizations should respect the rights of shareholders and help shareholders to exercise those rights. They can help shareholders exercise their rights by openly and effectively communicating information and by encouraging shareholders to participate in general meetings.
+
*Rights and equitable treatment of shareholders: [[Organization|Organizations]] should respect the rights of shareholders and help shareholders to exercise those rights. They can help shareholders exercise their rights by openly and effectively communicating information and by encouraging shareholders to participate in general meetings.
 
*Interests of other stakeholders: Organizations should recognize that they have legal, contractual, social, and market driven obligations to non-shareholder stakeholders, including employees, investors, creditors, suppliers, local communities, customers, and policy makers.
 
*Interests of other stakeholders: Organizations should recognize that they have legal, contractual, social, and market driven obligations to non-shareholder stakeholders, including employees, investors, creditors, suppliers, local communities, customers, and policy makers.
 
*Role and responsibilities of the board: The board needs sufficient relevant skills and understanding to review and challenge management performance. It also needs adequate size and appropriate levels of independence and commitment.
 
*Role and responsibilities of the board: The board needs sufficient relevant skills and understanding to review and challenge management performance. It also needs adequate size and appropriate levels of independence and commitment.

Revision as of 14:08, 3 April 2020

Business Directory defines Corporate Governance as "The framework of rules and practices by which a board of directors ensures accountability, fairness, and transparency in a company's relationship with its all stakeholders (financiers, customers, management, employees, government, and the community)."[1]

Corporate governance is most often viewed as both the structure and the relationships which determine corporate direction and performance. The board of directors is typically central to corporate governance. Its relationship to the other primary participants, typically shareholders and management, is critical. Additional participants include employees, customers, suppliers, and creditors. The corporate governance framework also depends on the legal, regulatory, institutional and ethical environment of the community. Whereas the 20th century might be viewed as the age of management, the early 21st century is predicted to be more focused on governance. Both terms address control of corporations but governance has always required an examination of underlying purpose and legitimacy. – – James McRitchie, Corporate Governance Publisher 8/1999[2]


Principles of Corporate Governance[3]
Contemporary discussions of corporate governance tend to refer to principles raised in three documents released since 1990: The Cadbury Report (UK, 1992), the Principles of Corporate Governance (OECD, 1999, 2004 and 2015), the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (US, 2002). The Cadbury and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) reports present general principles around which businesses are expected to operate to assure proper governance. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act, informally referred to as Sarbox or Sox, is an attempt by the federal government in the United States to legislate several of the principles recommended in the Cadbury and OECD reports.

  • Rights and equitable treatment of shareholders: Organizations should respect the rights of shareholders and help shareholders to exercise those rights. They can help shareholders exercise their rights by openly and effectively communicating information and by encouraging shareholders to participate in general meetings.
  • Interests of other stakeholders: Organizations should recognize that they have legal, contractual, social, and market driven obligations to non-shareholder stakeholders, including employees, investors, creditors, suppliers, local communities, customers, and policy makers.
  • Role and responsibilities of the board: The board needs sufficient relevant skills and understanding to review and challenge management performance. It also needs adequate size and appropriate levels of independence and commitment.
  • Integrity and ethical behavior: Integrity should be a fundamental requirement in choosing corporate officers and board members. Organizations should develop a code of conduct for their directors and executives that promotes ethical and responsible decision making.
  • Disclosure and transparency: Organizations should clarify and make publicly known the roles and responsibilities of board and management to provide stakeholders with a level of accountability. They should also implement procedures to independently verify and safeguard the integrity of the company's financial reporting. Disclosure of material matters concerning the organization should be timely and balanced to ensure that all investors have access to clear, factual information.


Benefits of Corporate Governance[4]

  • Good corporate governance ensures corporate success and economic growth.
  • Strong corporate governance maintains investors’ confidence, as a result of which, company can raise capital efficiently and effectively.
  • It lowers the capital cost.
  • There is a positive impact on the share price.
  • It provides proper inducement to the owners as well as managers to achieve objectives that are in interests of the shareholders and the organization.
  • Good corporate governance also minimizes wastages, corruption, risks and mismanagement.
  • It helps in brand formation and development.
  • It ensures organization in managed in a manner that fits the best interests of all.


See Also

Corporate Strategy
IT Governance
Business Strategy
Compliance
Enterprise Risk Management (ERM)
Risk Management


References

  1. Definition of Corporate Governance Business Dictionary
  2. Corporate Governance Defined CorpGov.Net
  3. Principles of Corporate Governance Wikipedia
  4. What are the Benefits of Corporate Governance? Management Study Guide