Difference between revisions of "Quantum Computing"
(Created page with "Quantum computing is a theoretical computing model that uses a very different form of data handling to perform calculations. The emergence of quantum computing is based on a n...") |
|||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
Quantum computing is a theoretical computing model that uses a very different form of data handling to perform calculations. The emergence of quantum computing is based on a new kind of data unit that could be called non-binary, as it has more than two possible values. A traditional computer works on bits of data that are binary, or Boolean, with only two possible values: 0 or 1. In contrast, a quantum bit, or "qubit," has possible values of 1, 0 or a superposition of 1 and 0, in the case of an unknown value. According to scientists, qubits are based on physical atoms and molecular structures. However, many find it helpful to theorize a qubit as a binary data unit with superposition.<ref>Definition: What is Quantum Computing? [https://www.techopedia.com/definition/679/quantum-computing Techopedia]</ref> | Quantum computing is a theoretical computing model that uses a very different form of data handling to perform calculations. The emergence of quantum computing is based on a new kind of data unit that could be called non-binary, as it has more than two possible values. A traditional computer works on bits of data that are binary, or Boolean, with only two possible values: 0 or 1. In contrast, a quantum bit, or "qubit," has possible values of 1, 0 or a superposition of 1 and 0, in the case of an unknown value. According to scientists, qubits are based on physical atoms and molecular structures. However, many find it helpful to theorize a qubit as a binary data unit with superposition.<ref>Definition: What is Quantum Computing? [https://www.techopedia.com/definition/679/quantum-computing Techopedia]</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | == Quantum Computing Models<ref>Quantum Computing Models [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_computing Wikipedia]</ref> == | ||
| + | There are a number of quantum computing models, distinguished by the basic elements in which the computation is decomposed. The four main models of practical importance are: | ||
| + | *Quantum gate array (computation decomposed into a sequence of few-qubit quantum gates) | ||
| + | *One-way quantum computer (computation decomposed into a sequence of one-qubit measurements applied to a highly entangled initial state or cluster state) | ||
| + | *Adiabatic quantum computer, based on quantum annealing (computation decomposed into a slow continuous transformation of an initial Hamiltonian into a final Hamiltonian, whose ground states contain the solution) | ||
| + | *Topological quantum computer(computation decomposed into the braiding of anyons in a 2D lattice) | ||
| + | |||
| + | The quantum Turing machine is theoretically important but the direct implementation of this model is not pursued. All four models of computation have been shown to be equivalent; each can simulate the other with no more than polynomial overhead. | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | == See Also == | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
| + | <references/> | ||
| − | + | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Further Reading == | ||
| + | *Quantum Computing: A Gntle Introduction [https://c-4tvylwolbz9x24ttyjx2ehtzzx2ejhzx2eju.g00.extremetech.com/g00/3_c-4ddd.leayltlaljo.jvt_/c-4TVYLWOLBZ9x24oaawx3ax2fx2fttyj.htzz.jhz.jux2fasix2f978479x2fD797847991375827911885.wkm_$/$/$/$?i10c.ua=1&i10c.dv=20 Eleanor Rieffel and Wolfgang Polak] | ||
| + | * | ||
Revision as of 17:33, 12 July 2019
Quantum computing is a theoretical computing model that uses a very different form of data handling to perform calculations. The emergence of quantum computing is based on a new kind of data unit that could be called non-binary, as it has more than two possible values. A traditional computer works on bits of data that are binary, or Boolean, with only two possible values: 0 or 1. In contrast, a quantum bit, or "qubit," has possible values of 1, 0 or a superposition of 1 and 0, in the case of an unknown value. According to scientists, qubits are based on physical atoms and molecular structures. However, many find it helpful to theorize a qubit as a binary data unit with superposition.[1]
Quantum Computing Models[2]
There are a number of quantum computing models, distinguished by the basic elements in which the computation is decomposed. The four main models of practical importance are:
- Quantum gate array (computation decomposed into a sequence of few-qubit quantum gates)
- One-way quantum computer (computation decomposed into a sequence of one-qubit measurements applied to a highly entangled initial state or cluster state)
- Adiabatic quantum computer, based on quantum annealing (computation decomposed into a slow continuous transformation of an initial Hamiltonian into a final Hamiltonian, whose ground states contain the solution)
- Topological quantum computer(computation decomposed into the braiding of anyons in a 2D lattice)
The quantum Turing machine is theoretically important but the direct implementation of this model is not pursued. All four models of computation have been shown to be equivalent; each can simulate the other with no more than polynomial overhead.
See Also
References
- ↑ Definition: What is Quantum Computing? Techopedia
- ↑ Quantum Computing Models Wikipedia
Further Reading
- Quantum Computing: A Gntle Introduction Eleanor Rieffel and Wolfgang Polak